Elastic-fluid turbine.



No. 717,876. i PATENTED JAN. 6, 1903.

T. Gr. E. LINDMARK.

ELASTIG FLUID TURBINE.

APPLIGATION'PILBD DB0. ze, 1901.

WITNESSES: l INVENTOR @4J/WA 7mm .4M/W@ y BY if ATTORNEY PATENTEDJAN. 6, 190s. T. G. E. LINDMARK.

ELASTIG PLUID'TURBINE.

APPLIGAT-ION FILED 13110.26, 1901.

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INVENTOR your? F'J'mwuf mfa u ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

TORE GUSTAF EMANUEL LINDMARK,'OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.

ELASTlC-FLUID TU RBINE.

SPEGIFICATIONforming part of Letters Patent N o. 717,876, dated January 6, 1903. Application filed December Z6, 1901. Serial No. 87,348. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may con/cern:

Be it known that I, Tenn GUSTAF EMANUEL LINDMARK, a subject of the Kingof Sweden and Norway, and a resident of Stockholm, Sweden, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Elastic-Fluid Turbines,of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to a com pound elasticiiuid turbine wherein the working fluid after being utilized in the first unit of the series is caused to traverse an annular passage constructed to transform the velocity energy of the exhaust into pressure energy and then to pass to the next unit, and so on through al1 of the units.

My invention consists in the construction of the individual turbines and in the arrangement of the aforesaid passages, as more par-` 2 is the cylindrical casing, which is preferably made in two parts united-by horizontal flanges and bolts, as shown in Fig. 4.

3 is the shaft, upon which the hubs of the several reaction-wheels AB C D E are fast, said shaft being supported in journals carried by standards 4, secured upon `the engine-bed. The wheel-hubs are shown at 5, 6, 7,8and 9.

The first hub 5 has two flanges 10 and 11 at its ends, all the other hubs having but one flange, (12 13 14 15.) The undanged end of hub 6 bears against the flange 11 of hub 5, the uniianged end of hub 7 against the flange 12 of hub 6, and soon. carried by said hubs, are alike in construction though differing in dimensions, so that a description of one will suffice for all. Each wheel has an annular head 21, which may be integral with a hub-flange, an opposite annular head 22, and a peripheral wall 23. The

annular head 22 does not extend to the hub, so that an annular opening 24 intervenes between said head and hub. The edge of head 22 at this opening is outwardly flanged, as

`wheel in rotation.

The wheels A B C D,

shown at 25. In one head of each wheel is an outlet-opening in which are disposed the wheel-buckets 17, Figs. 2and 3. The outer portions of said buckets are inclined all in the same direction. 18 between the inner ends of adjacent buckets is greater than the opening 19 between the outer ends of said buckets. The annular outlet-openings 16 are made in the heads 21 of wheels A and Gand in the facing heads 22 of wheels B and D.

Within the casing 2 are partitions forming the chambers and passages hereinafter described. Begining on the left of Fig. 1 there is an annular partition 20, which extends to the upper surface of theflange 25 of head 22 of wheel A and, together with the head 26 of casing 2, produces an annular' chamber 27, into which steam coming from the generator `by way of pipe 28 is received. This steam then passes through lthe annular opening 24 into the interior of wheel A and escaping through the buckets of that Wheel sets said The wheel A is in a charnber 29, formed by the partition 20 and a parallel partition 29",which fits around the wheelhub 11. In this partition 29* is an annular opening 30 of the same radial width as the annular outlet 16, which directly faces it. The opening 30 is the inlet to an annular passage 31,1formed between the annular partition 32 and the concentric annular flange 33 on partition 29e?. The passage 31 may be substantially wedge-shaped in cross-section. The partition 32 is turned radially inward to form a partition similar to partition 20, making a joint in like manner with the ange 25 of the head 22 of wheel B. After passing through passage 3 1 the steam passes to the interior of wheel B, through the buckets of said Wheel,

and then to an annular passage 37 similar to passage 3l and formed between the outer inclined surface of annular partition 32 and the inner inclined surface of a casing 38, which extends around wheel B and forms a joint with hub 12 of said wheel. Passage 37 surrounds passage 31. After traversing passage 37 the steam goes by conduit 39 to the next wheel C. The chambers andpassages associated with wheels C and D are the samein arrangement as those associated with wheels A and B. The last wheelv E differs from the other wheels in that the passage 41, containing the buckets, (not shown is made through The area of the opening the peripheral wall 42 of the wheel, and the steam passing from said passage enters an annular passage 43, the axis of which is radial to the shaft 3 instead of inclined or substantially horizontal, as are the axes of the transformation-passages which receive the exhaustv from the other wheels. The passage 43 delivers into an annular chamber 44, which communicates finally with the main exhaust-outlet 45.

The operation of the machine as a whole is as follows: Steam entering at pipe 28 goes through and actnates wheel A and then as exhaust passes through passage 31 wherein its velocity energy becomes transformed into pressure energy. Thence it proceeds to wheel B and subsequently in the passage 37 the velocity energy of the exhaust from wheel B .is in turn transformed into pressure energy. Wheels C, D, and E are then successively traversed,the tranformation of velocity of exhaust into pressure occurring after each utilization of the steam in a wheel, as already described. Finally the steam escapes at the final outlet 35.

It will be observed that the cubic contents ofthe chambers in the casing, the wheels, and the various passages progressively increase from the inlet to the outlet end of the engine, this being required, as in any compound engine, in order to enable the steam as its pressure falls to exercise its effect upon augmenting areas.

The term transformation-passage, used in the claims for brevity and to avoid repetition, means in every case a passage constructed to transform the velocity energy of the exhaustof the elastic-fluid turbine with which it is associated into pressure energy. Such passages are shown at 31 and 37. The principle of their construction is fully set out and broad claims are based thereon in another application for Letters Patent, Serial No. 85,747, led by me December 13, 1901.

I claim- 1. An elastic-Huid turbine ofthe type herein set forth having buckets disposed in an annular opening formed in one head.

2. An elastic-fluid turbine of the type herein set forth having an annular outlet-opening in one head, the said opening being divided into a plurality of passages each having its inner end of greater area than the other end.

3. An elastic-fluid turbine of the type herein set forth having the head 2l, a continuous annular outlet-opening 16 in said head and buckets 17 in said opening.

4. An elastic-fluid turbine of the type herein set forth having the hub 5, heads 21 and 22,in1etopening 24,acontinuous annular outlet-opening 16 in head 22 and buckets 17 in said outlet-opening.

5. In combination with two elastic-Huid turbines, a casing, and within said casing two concentric annular passages into which said turbines respectively exhaust; each of the said passages being of greater width at its outlet end than at its inlet end, and one of said passages surrounding the other, substantially as described.

6. In combination with two elastic-fluid turbines, a casing and within said casing and between said turbines, two concentric annular passages into which passages said turbines respectively exhaust; each of the said passages being of greater width at its outlet end than at its inlet end, and one of said passages surrounding the other, substantially as described.

7. In combination with two elastic-fluid turbines, a casing, and within said casing two concentric annular passages into which said turbines respectivelyA exhaust; each of the said passages being of greater width at its outlet end than at its inlet end, and the said outlet ends being turned in relatively opposite directions and one of said passages surrounding the other, substantially as described.

8. In combination with an elastic-Huid turbine of the type herein set forth having an inlet-opening in one head, an annular outletopening in the opposite head, and buckets in said outlet-opening, an inclosing casing, and in the Wall of said casing an annular opening registering with said outlet-opening.

9. In combination with an elastic-fluid turbine ofthe type herein set forth having an inlet-opening in one head, an annular outletopeuing in the opposite head and buckets in said outlet-opening, an inclosing casing and in the wall of said casing an annular transformation-passage registering and communicating with said opening in said casing.

10. The combination of two elastic-fluid turbines of the type herein set forth, a casing inclosing the same and having an internal conduit constructed to lead the exhaust from one turbine into the other, an annular transformation-passage in said conduit receiving said exhaust from said first turbine, and a second annular transformation-passagev in said casing and exterior to said conduit constructed to receive the exhaust from said second turbine.

11. The combination of the turbines A, B, a supporting-shaft therefor, annular exhaustoutlets 16 in the facing walls of said turbines, buckets in said outlets a casing inclosing said turbines and having an internal conduit constructed to lead the exhaust from turbine A to turbine B, a transformation-passage 31 in said conduit receiving the exhaust from turbine A, and a second transformation-passage 37 in said casing and exterior to said conduit and receiving the exhaust from turbine B; the said passages being disposed between said turbines and one inclosing the other.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

TORE GUSTAF EMANUEL LINDMARK.

Witnesses:

I. A. VAN WART, H. R. MoLLER.

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